polarity of water

Let us learn about "polarity of water"

Approximately 65% of the human individual mass is water. The brain, for example, has around 90% of water in mass, the muscles, 85%, and the bones have between 25% and 40% of water.

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In the Earth's biosphere, water is essential to all forms of life. Interestingly, it is also the biospheres most abundant compound and a unique substance from the chemical point of view.

Polarity of water molecule

Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, being only second to fluorine in its electronegativity. Its high electronegativity causes the oxygen atom to pull the shared pairs of electrons more towards itself. As a result, the O-H bond acquires polarity. Since the two O-H bonds in water are inclined at an angle, hence the net dipole moment of water molecule is not zero. The actual dipole moment of water molecule is 1.84 debye, (denoted as D) is the unit of dipole moments.

Polarity is charge inequality on two ends of any molecule. Due to the unequal distribution of electrons in water molecule, one part of the molecule is more negatively charged than the other part. This is caused by the property of 'electronegativity', which can be defined as ability of an element to attract electrons. If the atoms that make up a molecule have different electronegativities, that differ substantially, they attract electrons unequally, causing polarity. This polarity has a large impact on the properties of water. Here are some of the properties of water that can be attributed to its polar nature.

In our next blog we shall learn about where do stem cells come from

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